Abstract: In order to study the effects of the grinding parameters on the wear of grinding stone, the rail grinding model was established by the three-dimensional software SOLIDWORKS. Then the DEFORM-3D finite element software was used to simulate the rail grinding process and analysis the effects of rotational speed of grinding stone, feed speed and grinding depth on the wear of grinding stone. Besides, the change of the rail grinding material removal amount was analyzed with different grinding parameters. The results show that the grinding stone wear approximated to a linear growth trend with the rail grinding distance. With the increasing of rotational speed and grinding depth, the wear rate of grinding stone increased. In addition, the wear rate of grinding stone decreased with the increase of feed speed. The changing trend of rail grinding material removal amount was the same as that of grinding stone wear, and the reasons for the changes were complementary. The studying results provided an important theoretical guidance for the selection of grinding parameters in the rail grinding process.