Abstract: Graphene oxide was in situ added into polyimide which was prepared by 4.4′-diaminodiphenylether(ODA) and 3.3′, 4.4′-biphenyl tetracarboxylic diandhydride(BPDA), then GO/PI composites were obtained. The morphologies, compositions and thermodynamic properties of the materials were tested by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, thermogravimetric analysis, universal testing machine and nanoindentation tester, respectively. Tribological performance of pure polyimide and polyimide composites were comparatively investigated using an ultra-functional attrition testing machine. The results showed that addition of GO significantly increased the modulus and hardness of polyimide. When the contents of GO were 0.1% and 0.3%, the tribological properties of the composites were excellent. It was found that the tribofilm forming on the counterpart surfaces played an important role in the tribological properties of polyimide composites.