ISSN   1004-0595

CN  62-1224/O4

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盘式制动器摩擦噪声特性的试验分析

Experimental Analysis on Friction Noise of Disc Brake

  • 摘要: 盘式制动器制动时产生的摩擦噪声不仅影响车辆的驾乘舒适性,还会带来严重的环境噪声污染. 摩擦噪声具有瞬时性与不确定性的特点,至今尚未形成对制动器摩擦噪声机理的统一论断. 基于盘式制动器声振试验台,研究了摩擦系数、摩擦力波动系数和等效A声级三个参数在不同制动压力和制动初速度下的变化规律,结合对摩擦片微观特性的试验分析,从摩擦学角度揭示了盘式制动器摩擦噪声的发生规律及机理. 结果表明:摩擦噪声随制动初速度的增大而减小,随制动压力的增加而先增大后减小;制动摩擦噪声由于摩擦系统不稳定而产生,其产生原因是因为摩擦副表面的沟壑与黏着引起,沟壑与黏着程度与噪声的声压与频率呈正相关关系. 研究结果对于解释制动器摩擦噪声发生机理、控制制动器噪声污染具有重要理论意义和实际价值.

     

    Abstract: The friction noise during braking of disc brake not only affects ride comfort, but also brings serious noise pollution. Friction noise features instantaneity and uncertainty, and so far there is no unified conclusion on the mechanism of brake friction noise. Based on the acoustic vibration test bench of disc brake, the law of variation of friction coefficient, friction fluctuation coefficient and equivalent A sound level under different braking pressures and at initial braking speeds were researched in this paper. Combined with the experimental analysis of micro-characteristics of friction disc, the occurrence law and mechanism of friction noise of disc brake were revealed from the tribological perspective. The results of the tests showed that the friction noise decreased with the increase of the initial braking speed, and declined after a period of rising when the braking pressure grew. The brake friction noise resulted from instability of the friction system with the friction pair having gullies and adhesion on surface which both had a positive correlation with the pressure and frequency of noise. The research results were of great theoretical significance and practical value for explaining the mechanism of friction noise of brakes and curbing the noise pollution of brakes.

     

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